[Clinical characteristics and influencing factors of routine pulmonary ventilation function in children with allergic rhinitis induced by house dust mites].

OBJECTIVES

To study the clinical characteristics and influencing factors of routine pulmonary ventilation function in children with allergic rhinitis induced by house dust mites.

METHODS

A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 361 children with allergic rhinitis scheduled for house dust mite-specific immunotherapy at Shenzhen Children's Hospital from November 2019 to December 2025. Routine pulmonary ventilation function test results and influencing factors were analyzed.

RESULTS

Among the 361 children, 159(44.0%) showed abnormal pulmonary ventilation function, of which 107(67.3%) involved small airway dysfunction. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age was negatively correlated with forced vital capacity (FVC) (β=-1.83, P0.05) and forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) (β=-1.97, P0.05). Body mass index was positively correlated with FVC (β=1.08, P0.05) and FEV1 (β=0.75, P0.05), and negatively correlated with FEV1/FVC ratio (β=-0.31, P0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

Children with allergic rhinitis induced by house dust mites may present with early abnormalities in pulmonary ventilation function. Age and body mass index are influencing factors on routine pulmonary ventilation function parameters. Early and regular monitoring of lung function is recommended, especially for children at different ages and those with obesity.