Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Children and Adolescents With Type 2 Diabetes: A Narrative Review.

AIM: Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has well-established benefits in Type 1 diabetes; however, evidence in paediatric Type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains limited, and CGM is not currently publicly funded for this group in Australia. This review aimed to evaluate the impact of CGM use in adolescents with T2D.

METHODS

A systematic search of Ovid Medline, Embase, CINAHL and Emcare was conducted for studies published from database inception to 18 November 2025 that evaluated CGM use in children and adolescents with T2D. Outcomes included glycaemic measures (HbA1c and time in range [TIR]), patient-reported benefits and barriers and psychological outcomes.

RESULTS

Of 1019 manuscripts identified, eight studies met inclusion criteria. Study designs were longitudinal or cross-sectional, with relatively small sample sizes (7-41 participants). Five studies assessed HbA1c and TIR, two demonstrating short-term improvements that were not consistently sustained over time. Reported benefits included improved lifestyle behaviours, greater ease of diabetes management and increased frequency of glucose monitoring. Common barriers were sensor adhesion issues, connectivity challenges and concerns regarding wearability. Psychological outcomes were variable across studies.

CONCLUSIONS

CGM use in children and adolescents with T2D is associated with transient improvements in glycaemic control and perceived benefits in daily diabetes management; however, technical and usability barriers limit sustained effectiveness. Structured education for children and families is essential to overcome these barriers and optimise long-term outcomes. Current evidence supports consideration of CGM funding for children and adolescents with T2D in Australia, alongside implementation of education programs to maximise benefit.