Neurologia · 2025
Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of frontal absence seizures compared with primary absence seizures.
СтатьяСравнительное исследованиеНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Ramos-Fernández J M, Extraviz Moreno A, Del Arco Guzmán N, Calvo Medina R, Rodríguez Santos L, Navas Sánchez P
Аннотация
INTRODUCTION: Absence seizures due to secondary bilateral synchrony may be a manifestation of frontal seizures, indistinguishable from primary absence epilepsy (PAE), with a different prognosis and control. There are few epidemiological studies on frontal absences (FAE) in the group of absence epilepsy (AE) in children.
OBJECTIVE: To describe the epidemiology of FAE in childhood and compare the characteristics, clinical evolution, and pharmacological response with PAE.
PATIENTS AND METHOD: Retrospective study of cases with AE in children under 14 years of age from 2013 to 2022 in a tertiary hospital. Demographic variables, number, duration and type of associated seizures, frontal EEG focality with and without relation to generalized discharge, pharmacological response and neuroimaging were comparatively studied.
RESULTS: 94 patients with a median age of 8.6 years (6-10.1 years; 49M/45H) with AE were included. 84% presented exclusively absence seizures. Hyperventilation induced seizures in 94.2%; photoparoxysms present in 5.3%. They showed EEG focus, 63/94 and in 45/94 it was frontal. In 14/94 (14.8%) the frontal focality preceded the critical spike-wave discharge. The bivariate analysis did not show significant differences in age, time until the consultation, psychomotor development/behavior alteration, association of other types of seizures and triggers. The number of absences/days was significantly lower in the EAFs (p = 0.004) and the need for combination therapy was greater in the bivariate (p = 0.005) and multivariate (p = 0.035) analysis.
CONCLUSIONS: FAE represents a significant percentage of AE with seizures of identical morphology, age, and duration, although with fewer seizures/day and a worse response to treatment.
OBJECTIVE: To describe the epidemiology of FAE in childhood and compare the characteristics, clinical evolution, and pharmacological response with PAE.
PATIENTS AND METHOD: Retrospective study of cases with AE in children under 14 years of age from 2013 to 2022 in a tertiary hospital. Demographic variables, number, duration and type of associated seizures, frontal EEG focality with and without relation to generalized discharge, pharmacological response and neuroimaging were comparatively studied.
RESULTS: 94 patients with a median age of 8.6 years (6-10.1 years; 49M/45H) with AE were included. 84% presented exclusively absence seizures. Hyperventilation induced seizures in 94.2%; photoparoxysms present in 5.3%. They showed EEG focus, 63/94 and in 45/94 it was frontal. In 14/94 (14.8%) the frontal focality preceded the critical spike-wave discharge. The bivariate analysis did not show significant differences in age, time until the consultation, psychomotor development/behavior alteration, association of other types of seizures and triggers. The number of absences/days was significantly lower in the EAFs (p = 0.004) and the need for combination therapy was greater in the bivariate (p = 0.005) and multivariate (p = 0.035) analysis.
CONCLUSIONS: FAE represents a significant percentage of AE with seizures of identical morphology, age, and duration, although with fewer seizures/day and a worse response to treatment.