Traffic injury prevention · 2025
In-depth analysis of 26 child fatalities in 2017-2022 CISS vehicle crashes.
СтатьяНазвание и аннотация: Перевод пока не подготовлен
Обработка статьи · этапы, ошибки и управление
Загрузка состояния…
Ошибки и ограничения
История · было → стало
Состояние обновляется каждые 5 секунд, пока блок открыт. Процент показывается только там, где известен объём работы. Пауза останавливает продолжение этапа; текущий запрос к источнику может завершиться.
Viano David C
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: The study analyzed 26 child passenger fatalities in 6 years of motor vehicle crashes in 2017-2022 CISS (Crash Investigation Sampling System).
METHODS: NHTSA online database of CISS crashes was searched for fatalities of 0-35 mo (month old), 3-5 yo (year old) and 6-12 yo children in 2017-2022 CISS. Each case was downloaded and summarized for: 1) vehicle make, model and year and crash damage, 2) the road type, weather and lighting conditions, 3) the pre-crash maneuvers, crash types and directions of impact, 4) the number of occupants in the vehicle and demographics of the driver, right-front passenger and child, 5) the seating position, child seat and restraints and 6) the injury severity, death, body region, type and source.
RESULTS: There were 6 fatalities of 0-35 mo, 10 of 3-5 yo and 10 of 6-12 yo children. The fatal crashes involved older vehicles (12.9 ± 6.4 years old) in multi-impact collisions (3.1 ± 1.9 events) with four or more occupants (4.4 ± 1.9). 0-35 mo: All crashes occurred on a freeway. Most drivers were belted females. None used alcohol-drugs. Few drivers caused the multi-vehicle crash (2/6). All 0-35 mo were in rear seats, but none was judged properly restrained. Two-thirds had a rear facing child seat. Most had head/brain injuries. 3-5 yo: Most crashes occurred on a freeway. Most drivers were belted males. Many used alcohol-drugs. Most drivers caused a single-vehicle crash (8/10). All 3-5 yo were in rear seats, but only half were judged restrained. Many were using lap-shoulder belts. Few had forward facing child seats. All had head/brain injuries. 6-12 yo: Most crashes occurred on two-lane roads or at intersections. Most drivers were belted females. Some used alcohol-drugs. Most drivers caused a single-vehicle crash (7/10). Two-thirds of 6-12 yo were in rear seats; one-third were right-front passengers. Over half were judged restrained by lap-shoulder belts. None had a booster seat. Many had head/brain injuries.
CONCLUSIONS: Most vehicles (65.4%) were ≥10 years old. They were driven by a mix of Hispanics, Blacks or Whites involving 4 or more occupants in multi-impact collisions. There was a transition in crash characteristics with the child's age: 0-35 mo typically had a female driver without alcohol-drugs not causing the crash on a freeway, 3-5 yo typically had a male driver many with alcohol-drugs causing the crash on a freeway and 6-12 yo typically had a female driver some with alcohol-drugs causing the crash on a two-lane road or intersection. There is a need for education tailored to gender, race and SES of drivers of older vehicles to avoid aggressive, risk-taking speeding and to properly restrain children, particularly with many occupants in the vehicle. Vehicle and child-seat manufacturers need to focus on head protection in rear seats.
METHODS: NHTSA online database of CISS crashes was searched for fatalities of 0-35 mo (month old), 3-5 yo (year old) and 6-12 yo children in 2017-2022 CISS. Each case was downloaded and summarized for: 1) vehicle make, model and year and crash damage, 2) the road type, weather and lighting conditions, 3) the pre-crash maneuvers, crash types and directions of impact, 4) the number of occupants in the vehicle and demographics of the driver, right-front passenger and child, 5) the seating position, child seat and restraints and 6) the injury severity, death, body region, type and source.
RESULTS: There were 6 fatalities of 0-35 mo, 10 of 3-5 yo and 10 of 6-12 yo children. The fatal crashes involved older vehicles (12.9 ± 6.4 years old) in multi-impact collisions (3.1 ± 1.9 events) with four or more occupants (4.4 ± 1.9). 0-35 mo: All crashes occurred on a freeway. Most drivers were belted females. None used alcohol-drugs. Few drivers caused the multi-vehicle crash (2/6). All 0-35 mo were in rear seats, but none was judged properly restrained. Two-thirds had a rear facing child seat. Most had head/brain injuries. 3-5 yo: Most crashes occurred on a freeway. Most drivers were belted males. Many used alcohol-drugs. Most drivers caused a single-vehicle crash (8/10). All 3-5 yo were in rear seats, but only half were judged restrained. Many were using lap-shoulder belts. Few had forward facing child seats. All had head/brain injuries. 6-12 yo: Most crashes occurred on two-lane roads or at intersections. Most drivers were belted females. Some used alcohol-drugs. Most drivers caused a single-vehicle crash (7/10). Two-thirds of 6-12 yo were in rear seats; one-third were right-front passengers. Over half were judged restrained by lap-shoulder belts. None had a booster seat. Many had head/brain injuries.
CONCLUSIONS: Most vehicles (65.4%) were ≥10 years old. They were driven by a mix of Hispanics, Blacks or Whites involving 4 or more occupants in multi-impact collisions. There was a transition in crash characteristics with the child's age: 0-35 mo typically had a female driver without alcohol-drugs not causing the crash on a freeway, 3-5 yo typically had a male driver many with alcohol-drugs causing the crash on a freeway and 6-12 yo typically had a female driver some with alcohol-drugs causing the crash on a two-lane road or intersection. There is a need for education tailored to gender, race and SES of drivers of older vehicles to avoid aggressive, risk-taking speeding and to properly restrain children, particularly with many occupants in the vehicle. Vehicle and child-seat manufacturers need to focus on head protection in rear seats.