Prevention of restenosis: medical treatment and procedures for iliac occlusive disease.

The treatment of occlusive vascular disease has evolved considerably over the past decades, with management strategies shifting from open surgical approaches toward less-invasive endovascular solutions or hybrid open and endovascular therapies. The treatment of aortoiliac occlusive disease has followed a similar pattern, with a more aggressive, minimally invasive approach being used even for long-segment iliac artery occlusions. Regardless of the type of treatment, however, optimal results are still limited by restenosis. This is also true in virtually all locations undergoing treatment of arterial occlusive disease. The current review seeks to explore the medical therapy and treatment options available for preventing restenosis in the iliac artery following intervention. Here we include data regarding prevention of restenosis in other arterial locations. Finally, novel therapies not currently available for iliac artery use but showing promise in prevention of arterial restenosis are reviewed.