Numerical Signature Dataset of Curculionidae and Tenebrionidae Beetle Fragments for ML Identification.

This data descriptor presents a curated dataset of numerical signature descriptors derived from fragment images of six economically significant stored-product beetle species from the families Curculionidae (Sitophilus zeamais, Sitophilus oryzae, Sitophilus granarius) and Tenebrionidae (Tribolium castaneum, Tribolium confusum, Latheticus oryzae). Anatomical fragments-including antennae, elytra, thorax, snout (Curculionidae), and head aspect ratio (Tenebrionidae)-were imaged using digital microscopy and processed with standardized image acquisition and segmentation techniques. From each image, four statistical descriptors-skewness, kurtosis, entropy, and standard deviation-were extracted, which form compact numerical signatures that capture fragment-level texture and morphological variation. These descriptors are designed to support artificial intelligence and machine learning workflows for automated classification in entomological diagnostics and post-harvest pest detection. The dataset includes 3,423 fragment images, each linked to a numerical signature vector and labeled by species, anatomical region, and metadata. This dataset adheres to Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable (FAIR) principles and is intended for open reuse in entomological AI research and machine learning-driven insect fragment identification workflows.