Characteristics and outcomes of an international cohort of 600 000 hospitalized patients with COVID-19.
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Kartsonaki Christiana, Baillie J Kenneth, Barrio Noelia García, Baruch Joaquín, Beane Abigail, Blumberg Lucille, Bozza Fernando, Broadley Tessa, Burrell Aidan, Carson Gail, Citarella Barbara Wanjiru, Dagens Andrew, Dankwa Emmanuelle A, Donnelly Christl A, Dunning Jake, Elotmani Loubna, Escher Martina, Farshait Nataly, Goffard Jean-Christophe, Gonçalves Bronner P, Hall Matthew, Hashmi Madiha, Sim Lim Heng Benedict, Ho Antonia, Jassat Waasila, Pedrera Jiménez Miguel, Laouenan Cedric, Lissauer Samantha, Martin-Loeches Ignacio, Mentré France, Merson Laura, Morton Ben, Munblit Daniel, Nekliudov Nikita A, Nichol Alistair D, Singh Oinam Budha Charan, Ong David, Panda Prasan Kumar, Petrovic Michele, Pritchard Mark G, Ramakrishnan Nagarajan, Ramos Grazielle Viana, Roger Claire, Sandulescu Oana, Semple Malcolm G, Sharma Pratima, Sigfrid Louise, Somers Emily C, Streinu-Cercel Anca, Taccone Fabio, Vecham Pavan Kumar, Kumar Tirupakuzhi Vijayaraghavan Bharath, Wei Jia, Wils Evert-Jan, Ci Wong Xin, Horby Peter, Rojek Amanda, Olliaro Piero L, ISARIC Clinical Characterisation Group
Аннотация
METHODS: The data set analysed includes COVID-19 patients hospitalized between January 2020 and January 2022 in 52 countries. We investigated how symptoms on admission, co-morbidities, risk factors and treatments varied by age, sex and other characteristics. We used Cox regression models to investigate associations between demographics, symptoms, co-morbidities and other factors with risk of death, admission to an intensive care unit (ICU) and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV).
RESULTS: Data were available for 689 572 patients with laboratory-confirmed (91.1%) or clinically diagnosed (8.9%) SARS-CoV-2 infection from 52 countries. Age [adjusted hazard ratio per 10 years 1.49 (95% CI 1.48, 1.49)] and male sex [1.23 (1.21, 1.24)] were associated with a higher risk of death. Rates of admission to an ICU and use of IMV increased with age up to age 60 years then dropped. Symptoms, co-morbidities and treatments varied by age and had varied associations with clinical outcomes. The case-fatality ratio varied by country partly due to differences in the clinical characteristics of recruited patients and was on average 21.5%.
CONCLUSIONS: Age was the strongest determinant of risk of death, with a ∼30-fold difference between the oldest and youngest groups; each of the co-morbidities included was associated with up to an almost 2-fold increase in risk. Smoking and obesity were also associated with a higher risk of death. The size of our international database and the standardized data collection method make this study a comprehensive international description of COVID-19 clinical features. Our findings may inform strategies that involve prioritization of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 who have a higher risk of death.