Annals of Saudi medicine · 2019
Obesity and childhood asthma in male schoolchildren in Saudi Arabia: Is there a role for leptin, interleukin-4, interleukin-5, and interleukin-21?
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Al-Ayed Mohammed, Alshaybari Khalid, Alshehri Dhafer, Jamaan Alzahrani, Nasser Iman, Alaamri Hamdan, Alaseeri Wed, Mahfouz Ahmed A, Ali Alsareli Saeed, Asaad Ahmed Morad, Ali Magzoub Aamir, Qureshi Mohamed Ansar, Shalayel Mohammed Helmy
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Adiposity is associated with high serum levels of adipokines and chemokines which are possibly implicated in a co-existence of obesity and asthma.
OBJECTIVES: Elucidate the possible roles of leptin, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5 and IL-21 in linking obesity with childhood asthma.
DESIGN: Cross-sectional, analytical.
SETTING: Population of schoolchildren in a small Saudi city.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The study included a representative sample of Saudi schoolchildren grouped as obese asthmatics, non-obese asthmatics, or obese nonasthmatics, with nonobese nonasthmatics as a control group. An asthma control test was done for the asthmatic groups.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Serum levels of leptin, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-21.
SAMPLE SIZE: 345 male schoolchildren with a mean (SD) age of 13.0 (2.3) years.
RESULTS: Median serum leptin concentrations in obese asthmatics were significantly higher than in nonobese asthmatics ( P<.001). Uncontrolled asthmatics also had significantly higher leptin levels than controlled asthmatic children ( P<.002). Leptin levels were weakly but significantly correlated with the cytokines IL-4, IL-5, and IL-21.
CONCLUSIONS: Leptin may contribute to a link between obesity and childhood asthma. Differences in IL-21 levels between nonobese and obese asthmatics suggest that the co-existence of asthma and obesity increased IL-21 levels. Leptin plus some proinflammatory cytokines especially IL-21 may be potential predictors for asthma control in children.
LIMITATIONS: Blood sampling at different stages of asthma might influence cytokine expression.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST: None.
OBJECTIVES: Elucidate the possible roles of leptin, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5 and IL-21 in linking obesity with childhood asthma.
DESIGN: Cross-sectional, analytical.
SETTING: Population of schoolchildren in a small Saudi city.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The study included a representative sample of Saudi schoolchildren grouped as obese asthmatics, non-obese asthmatics, or obese nonasthmatics, with nonobese nonasthmatics as a control group. An asthma control test was done for the asthmatic groups.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Serum levels of leptin, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-21.
SAMPLE SIZE: 345 male schoolchildren with a mean (SD) age of 13.0 (2.3) years.
RESULTS: Median serum leptin concentrations in obese asthmatics were significantly higher than in nonobese asthmatics ( P<.001). Uncontrolled asthmatics also had significantly higher leptin levels than controlled asthmatic children ( P<.002). Leptin levels were weakly but significantly correlated with the cytokines IL-4, IL-5, and IL-21.
CONCLUSIONS: Leptin may contribute to a link between obesity and childhood asthma. Differences in IL-21 levels between nonobese and obese asthmatics suggest that the co-existence of asthma and obesity increased IL-21 levels. Leptin plus some proinflammatory cytokines especially IL-21 may be potential predictors for asthma control in children.
LIMITATIONS: Blood sampling at different stages of asthma might influence cytokine expression.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST: None.