Effects of a sugar mixture on blood alcohol parameters and impairment in the intact rat.

The effects of a sugar mixture containing 43% glucose and 36% fructose on ethanol metabolism and on ethanol-induced impairment were studied in intact rats. When ethanol was given orally mixed with the sugars there was a significant reduction in the area of the blood alcohol time curve accompanied by a decrease in the peak ethanol concentration and a slowing in the rate of ethanol absorption. The whole curve followed a lower course and the time for complete removal of ethanol from the body was markedly reduced even though the slope of the elimination phase (beta) was not significantly increased. Ethanol-induced impairment as measured using a tilting plane device was significantly less when ethanol was given mixed with the sugars and paralleled the reduced area and duration of the blood alcohol curve. The magnitude of the effect observed on blood alcohol levels and impairment was dependent on the dose of sugars administered in relation to the alcohol dose. When the sugars were given orally after absorption and distribution of ethanol were complete the slope of the elimination phase (beta) was increase by 30%. These findings point to an increased rate of ethanol metabolism in rats in the presence of sugars. The action of the sugars prevails only for the first few hours after administration thereafter the rate of ethanol metabolism returns to normal.