BMC psychiatry · 2025
Autism spectrum disorder, social anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorders: beyond the comorbidity.
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Dell'Osso Liliana, Amatori Giulia, Bonelli Chiara, Nardi Benedetta, Massimetti Enrico, Cremone Ivan Mirko, Pini Stefano, Carpita Barbara
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by high rates of comorbidity with other mental disorders, including anxiety disorders and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Beyond a mere concept of comorbidity, recent literature is speculating the existence of a neurodevelopmental nature of such mental disorders. The aim of the study is to investigate the distribution of social-phobic, obsessive-compulsive and panic-agoraphobic traits within a sample of individuals with ASD, social anxiety disorder (SAD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and panic disorder (PD).
METHODS: 40 participants with ASD, 40 with SAD, 40 with OCD, 40 with PD and 50 HC were assessed with the Social Anxiety Spectrum-Short Version (SHY-SV) questionnaire, the Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum-Short Version (OBS-SV) questionnaire and the Panic Agoraphobic Spectrum-Short Version (PAS-SV) questionnaire. Statistical analyses included Kruskal-Wallis test and Chi-square test.
RESULTS: When analyzing SHY-SV scores, the SAD group obtained the highest scores, with individuals with ASD following closely, significantly surpassing the scores of the remaining diagnostic groups. In the examination of OBS-SV questionnaire scores, individuals with ASD once again secured the second-highest scores, trailing only the OCD group. These scores were notably higher than those of both the PD group and healthy controls. In the analysis of PAS-SV scores, the ASD group once again achieved the highest scores after the PD individuals, although this time the difference was not statistically significant compared to the other diagnostic groups.
DISCUSSION: These findings highlight the central role of the autism spectrum in SAD and OCD diagnoses. They provide support for the hypotheses of a neurodevelopmental basis for social anxiety and OCD, contributing to the growing body of evidence supporting a dimensional and interconnected view of mental health conditions.
METHODS: 40 participants with ASD, 40 with SAD, 40 with OCD, 40 with PD and 50 HC were assessed with the Social Anxiety Spectrum-Short Version (SHY-SV) questionnaire, the Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum-Short Version (OBS-SV) questionnaire and the Panic Agoraphobic Spectrum-Short Version (PAS-SV) questionnaire. Statistical analyses included Kruskal-Wallis test and Chi-square test.
RESULTS: When analyzing SHY-SV scores, the SAD group obtained the highest scores, with individuals with ASD following closely, significantly surpassing the scores of the remaining diagnostic groups. In the examination of OBS-SV questionnaire scores, individuals with ASD once again secured the second-highest scores, trailing only the OCD group. These scores were notably higher than those of both the PD group and healthy controls. In the analysis of PAS-SV scores, the ASD group once again achieved the highest scores after the PD individuals, although this time the difference was not statistically significant compared to the other diagnostic groups.
DISCUSSION: These findings highlight the central role of the autism spectrum in SAD and OCD diagnoses. They provide support for the hypotheses of a neurodevelopmental basis for social anxiety and OCD, contributing to the growing body of evidence supporting a dimensional and interconnected view of mental health conditions.