[Disseminated Penicillium marneffei infection suggesting visceral leishmaniasis in an HIV infected patient].

BACKGROUND

Penicilliosis is a fungal infection caused by Penicillium marneffei. In Southeast Asia, this infection is common in HIV-infected patients but few cases have been reported in Europe.

CASE REPORT: The patient lived in southern France. He had HIV infection and was immunocompromised. The clinical signs suggested visceral leishmaniasis. Iterative travels to Southeast Asia were reported leading to the diagnosis of P. marneffei infection.

DISCUSSION: In southern France, imported penicilliosis marneffei may be misdiagnosed as visceral leishmaniasis.