[Genetics of primary headache disorders in children and adolescents].

This review describes current knowledge on the genetics of primary headache disorders in children and adolescents. The heritability for recurrent headache in children and adolescents is estimated at 70%, significantly higher than the heritability for both migraine and tension-type headache in adults. Hemiplegic migraine is a rare monogenic migraine subtype with causal variants identified in CACNA1A, ATP1A2, SCN1A, and PRRT. There is very limited knowledge of genetic risk variants for children and adolescents with polygenic primary headache disorders.