Ecology letters · 2017

Continental mapping of forest ecosystem functions reveals a high but unrealised potential for forest multifunctionality.

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van der Plas Fons, Ratcliffe Sophia, Ruiz-Benito Paloma, Scherer-Lorenzen Michael, Verheyen Kris, Wirth Christian, Zavala Miguel A, Ampoorter Evy, Baeten Lander, Barbaro Luc, Bastias Cristina C, Bauhus Jürgen, Benavides Raquel, Benneter Adam, Bonal Damien, Bouriaud Olivier, Bruelheide Helge, Bussotti Filippo, Carnol Monique, Castagneyrol Bastien, Charbonnier Yohan, Cornelissen Johannes H C, Dahlgren Jonas, Checko Ewa, Coppi Andrea, Dawud Seid Muhie, Deconchat Marc, De Smedt Pallieter, De Wandeler Hans, Domisch Timo, Finér Leena, Fotelli Mariangela, Gessler Arthur, Granier André, Grossiord Charlotte, Guyot Virginie, Haase Josephine, Hättenschwiler Stephan, Jactel Hervé, Jaroszewicz Bogdan, Joly François-Xavier, Jucker Tommaso, Kambach Stephan, Kaendler Gerald, Kattge Jens, Koricheva Julia, Kunstler Georges, Lehtonen Aleksi, Liebergesell Mario, Manning Peter, Milligan Harriet, Müller Sandra, Muys Bart, Nguyen Diem, Nock Charles, Ohse Bettina, Paquette Alain, Peñuelas Josep, Pollastrini Martina, Radoglou Kalliopi, Raulund-Rasmussen Karsten, Roger Fabian, Seidl Rupert, Selvi Federico, Stenlid Jan, Valladares Fernando, van Keer Johan, Vesterdal Lars, Fischer Markus, Gamfeldt Lars, Allan Eric

Аннотация

Humans require multiple services from ecosystems, but it is largely unknown whether trade-offs between ecosystem functions prevent the realisation of high ecosystem multifunctionality across spatial scales. Here, we combined a comprehensive dataset (28 ecosystem functions measured on 209 forest plots) with a forest inventory dataset (105,316 plots) to extrapolate and map relationships between various ecosystem multifunctionality measures across Europe. These multifunctionality measures reflected different management objectives, related to timber production, climate regulation and biodiversity conservation/recreation. We found that trade-offs among them were rare across Europe, at both local and continental scales. This suggests a high potential for 'win-win' forest management strategies, where overall multifunctionality is maximised. However, across sites, multifunctionality was on average 45.8-49.8% below maximum levels and not necessarily highest in protected areas. Therefore, using one of the most comprehensive assessments so far, our study suggests a high but largely unrealised potential for management to promote multifunctional forests.

Предметные рубрики MeSH

Biodiversity Climate Ecosystem Europe Forests Humans

Continental mapping of forest ecosystem functions reveals a high but unrealised potential for forest multifunctionality.

Ошибки и ограничения

Аннотация

Предметные рубрики MeSH