Frontiers in public health · 2026
High rate of marginal vitamin A deficiency in children aged 0-6 years in Quanzhou, China: a cross-sectional study.
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Zhou Xiaoyan, Zhuang Xiaoyan, Huang Huiling, Liu Jiajia, Zhu Qingling
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the vitamin A nutritional status and identify associated factors among children aged 0-6 years in Quanzhou, China, to support the development of targeted intervention strategies.
METHOD: This study included 1,183 healthy children (0-6 years) from January 2022 to March 2023. Serum retinol was measured via LC-MS/MS, and anthropometric data were collected. The vitamin A status was compared by gender, age and BMI.
RESULTS: The median serum retinol concentration was 1.12 μmol/L (95% CI: 0.94-1.29). The overall prevalence of marginal deficiency or deficiency (serum retinol <1.05 μmol/L) was 38.89% (460/1183), with the highest rate observed in infants (65.87%, 166/252), followed by preschoolers (35.74%, 168/470) and toddlers (27.33%, 126/461). Age was a significant predictor of vitamin A sufficiency (p < 0.001): toddlers and preschoolers had 5.06 and 3.33 times higher odds of vitamin A sufficiency compared to infants, respectively. Overweight/obese children showed a higher rate of normal vitamin A status than those with normal or underweight BMI (p < 0.05). No significant differences were found by sex (p > 0.05).
CONCLUSION: There is a concerning high prevalence of marginal vitamin A deficiency among young children in Quanzhou, representing a notable public health issue, particularly severe in infants. Interventions should be age-specific and incorporate BMI-related metabolic considerations to effectively address vitamin A insufficiency in this and similar populations.
METHOD: This study included 1,183 healthy children (0-6 years) from January 2022 to March 2023. Serum retinol was measured via LC-MS/MS, and anthropometric data were collected. The vitamin A status was compared by gender, age and BMI.
RESULTS: The median serum retinol concentration was 1.12 μmol/L (95% CI: 0.94-1.29). The overall prevalence of marginal deficiency or deficiency (serum retinol <1.05 μmol/L) was 38.89% (460/1183), with the highest rate observed in infants (65.87%, 166/252), followed by preschoolers (35.74%, 168/470) and toddlers (27.33%, 126/461). Age was a significant predictor of vitamin A sufficiency (p < 0.001): toddlers and preschoolers had 5.06 and 3.33 times higher odds of vitamin A sufficiency compared to infants, respectively. Overweight/obese children showed a higher rate of normal vitamin A status than those with normal or underweight BMI (p < 0.05). No significant differences were found by sex (p > 0.05).
CONCLUSION: There is a concerning high prevalence of marginal vitamin A deficiency among young children in Quanzhou, representing a notable public health issue, particularly severe in infants. Interventions should be age-specific and incorporate BMI-related metabolic considerations to effectively address vitamin A insufficiency in this and similar populations.