Psychotic-Spectrum Disorders With Comorbid Anxiety Are Predisposing Factors for Parkinson's Disease in a Case-Control Study.

BACKGROUND

Multiple studies have demonstrated associations between psychiatric conditions and Parkinson's disease (PD) development; fewer have examined psychotic-spectrum disorders and PD development.

OBJECTIVE

The objective was to assess the prevalence of psychotic-spectrum disorders with and without depression and anxiety preceding a PD diagnosis.

METHODS

In this retrospective, case-control study of adults > 60 years of age, cases were identified by PD diagnosis and controls were identified in a 3:1 ratio by ambulatory encounter from 2015 to 2020. Psychiatric conditions were identified by diagnosis code up to 5 years prior to the index date. Conditional logistic regression was conducted to assess associations.

RESULTS

Among 13,998 patients, the odds of PD were 76% (95% confidence interval = 1.39-2.22) higher among those with psychotic-spectrum diagnoses. An additional anxiety diagnosis was associated with 166% (95% confidence interval = 1.35-5.25) higher odds of PD.

CONCLUSIONS

Awareness of psychiatric conditions, including psychotic-spectrum disorders with comorbid anxiety, can stratify individuals at higher risk of developing PD.