Phenotyping 1488 patients with painful temporomandibular disorders and its relevance to subjective sleep quality: A key step for stratified medicine.

Objective: To investigate biopsychosocial characteristics and sleep quality among three TMD phenotypes and to identify the influential factors on sleep quality among those patients.Methods: Retrospective data from chart review and self-reported questionnaires included demographics, the Brief Pain Inventory, the Pain CatastropPain Prospective Evaluation and Risk Assessmenthizing Scale, the Symptom Check List-90 Revised, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.Results: A total of 1488 patients with painful TMD (female, 63.8%) were included and stratified into three groups: joint pain (n = 570), muscle pain (n = 542), and joint-muscle combined pain (n = 376). There were significant differences among demographic characteristics, pain experience, pain catastrophizing, and psychological distress of the three groups. Poor sleep quality presented in 78.4% of all patients. Sleep quality was significantly associated with TMD phenotypes, sex, and a helplessness component of pain catastrophizing.Discussion: This patient-centered and stratified approach will allow clinicians to come one step closer to personalized medicine.