Exercise for Atrial Fibrillation: Unmasking Comorbidities and Improving Treatment.

Atrial fibrillation is associated with significant symptoms, comorbidities, and shared pathophysiological features with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. We propose that exercise testing, including cardiopulmonary exercise testing and exercise cardiac imaging, can unmask subclinical cardiac dysfunction, guide diagnosis and inform intervention. Exercise training has a key role in atrial fibrillation management, improving arrhythmia burden, atrial remodeling and quality of life.