Predictive factors of non-HDL cholesterol in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitius: A cross-sectional study.

AIMS: To assess predictors of non-HDL cholesterol in children and adolescents with T1DM.

METHODS

A cross-sectional study of 120 children and adolescents aged 7-16 with T1DM, but without any other chronic morbidities, at a referral outpatient clinic for the treatment of diabetes in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Socio-demographic, anthropometric, dietary, and clinical factors were assessed, which included measurements of serum lipids and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Food intake was assessed by 24-h dietary recall. Multiple linear regression was adopted in the analysis.

RESULTS

The mean age of of the subjects was 11.74 ± 2.88 years, 53.3% were female, and the mean duration of T1DM was 6.68 ± 3.33 years. The mean energy intake from carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids was 51.98% (±9.20), 21.43% (±6.13), and 26.57% (±9.98), respectively. The energy intake from processed and ultra-processed foods represented 40.79% of total energy intake. The predictors of non-HDL cholesterol were: HbA1c (%) (p = 0.000, β = 8.5, CI: 4.8-12.1), duration of T1DM (p = 0.000, β = 2.8, CI: 1.3-4.3), and sex (p = 0.032, β = 10.1, CI: 0.9-19.4).

CONCLUSION

Glycemic control was the major modifiable predictor of non-HDL cholesterol concentrations, a significant indicator of cardiovascular risk.