Expression of allatostatins in the Mediterranean field cricket, Gryllus bimaculatus de Geer (Ensifera, Gryllidae).

The allatostatin (AST) type A gene of the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus encodes a hormone precursor including at least 14 putative peptides with a common C-terminus Y/FXFGL/Iamide. By RT-PCR we have analyzed the expression of the allatostatin precursor in various tissues of 0-21 days old adult virgin and mated females. In 3-day-old virgin females, the gene is strongly expressed in the brain (oesophageal ganglion), the suboesophageal ganglion and the caecum, but to a lower extent in other parts of the digestive tract (ileum, midgut, colon), and in various other tissues such as the fat body, ovaries and female accessory reproductive glands. In the brain and ovaries of virgin females, the AST expression is rather constant throughout adult life, whereas in brains of mated animals, expression is low until day 7, but increases sharply from day 8 onwards to reach values triple those before day 7. In ovaries of mated animals AST gene expression is also age-dependent, with high expression rates during the first 4 days after imaginable moult, a second but smaller peak from day 15 to 21, and very low values in between. In the fat body of virgin crickets allatostatin expression is high during the first 9 days after ecdysis and declines thereafter, whereas in mated animals two peak values, day 1 and day 6, are observed, and a third peak in older animals.