Journal of psychosomatic research · 2026
Psychiatric disorders and the burden of chronic gastrointestinal diseases: Evidence from a nationwide cross-sectional study.
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Oh Tak Kyu, Song In-Ae
Аннотация
OBJECTIVES: Psychiatric disorders are leading contributors to global morbidity. Chronic gastrointestinal (GI) diseases are also highly prevalent. Despite the gut-brain axis theory, large-scale evidence comparing the burden of functional versus organic GI diseases across diverse psychiatric conditions is scarce. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence odds of chronic GI disorders-categorized into functional, organic, and hepatobiliary-pancreatic (HBP) diseases-among adults with psychiatric disorders compared with matched controls.
METHODS: We performed a nationwide cross-sectional study using South Korea's National Health Insurance Service database. Adults aged ≥18 years with at least one psychiatric diagnosis between 2021 and 2022 were included (n = 526,918). A control cohort without psychiatric diagnoses (n = 473,082) was selected. After 1:1 propensity score matching, 348,304 individuals remained in each group.
RESULTS: In the matched cohort (n = 696,608), patients with psychiatric disorders had a significantly higher prevalence of total chronic GI disorders (69.8 % vs 52.1 %; odds ratio [OR] 2.13, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 2.11-2.15; P < 0.001). The magnitude of association was strongest for functional GI disorders (OR 2.12, 95 % CI 2.10-2.14; P < 0.001), followed by organic GI disorders (OR 1.60, 95 % CI 1.57-1.63; P < 0.001) and HBP diseases (OR 1.43, 95 % CI 1.41-1.46; P < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: Psychiatric disorders are associated with a substantial burden of chronic GI diseases. The association was markedly stronger for functional GI disorders than for organic conditions, supporting the clinical significance of the gut-brain axis in this population.
METHODS: We performed a nationwide cross-sectional study using South Korea's National Health Insurance Service database. Adults aged ≥18 years with at least one psychiatric diagnosis between 2021 and 2022 were included (n = 526,918). A control cohort without psychiatric diagnoses (n = 473,082) was selected. After 1:1 propensity score matching, 348,304 individuals remained in each group.
RESULTS: In the matched cohort (n = 696,608), patients with psychiatric disorders had a significantly higher prevalence of total chronic GI disorders (69.8 % vs 52.1 %; odds ratio [OR] 2.13, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 2.11-2.15; P < 0.001). The magnitude of association was strongest for functional GI disorders (OR 2.12, 95 % CI 2.10-2.14; P < 0.001), followed by organic GI disorders (OR 1.60, 95 % CI 1.57-1.63; P < 0.001) and HBP diseases (OR 1.43, 95 % CI 1.41-1.46; P < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: Psychiatric disorders are associated with a substantial burden of chronic GI diseases. The association was markedly stronger for functional GI disorders than for organic conditions, supporting the clinical significance of the gut-brain axis in this population.