Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) · 2026
Effects of the Brazilian Cardioprotective Diet and mixed nuts on adipokines in post myocardial infarction: A randomized clinical trial.
СтатьяРандомизированное исследованиеНазвание и аннотация: Перевод пока не подготовлен
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Weschenfelder Camila, de Quadros Alexandre Schaan, Bersch-Ferreira Ângela Cristine, Machado Rachel Helena Vieira, Santos Renato Hideo Nakagawa, de Abreu-Silva Erlon Oliveira, Marcadenti Aline
Аннотация
OBJECTIVES: Adipokines play a role in the pathophysiology of ischemic heart diseases, and nut-rich diets are often recommended after myocardial infarction (MI). However, their effects on adipokines in secondary cardiovascular prevention are not well established. This study evaluated the effect of adding mixed nuts to the Brazilian Cardioprotective Diet (DICA Br) on adipokines and diet quality in post-MI patients.
METHODS: This subanalysis of the DICA-NUTS trial included 170 patients randomized to two groups: DICA group (DICA Br alone; n = 85) and DICA-NUTS group (DICA Br + 30 g/day of peanuts, cashews, and Brazil nuts; n = 85). Leptin, resistin, progranulin (pg/mL), adiponectin (ng/mL), leptin/adiponectin and resistin/adiponectin ratios were measured at baseline and after 16 weeks. Diet quality was assessed using the New BALANCE Dietary Index (NBDI).
RESULTS: The DICA-NUTS group showed increased leptin levels post-intervention (269.6 pg/mL [95% CI 104.6; 434.6], P < 0.001), but no between-group differences were observed for any adipokines. Both groups improved diet quality (NBDI): +20% [95% CI 4; 38] in DICA-NUTS and +27% [95% CI 10; 45] in DICA, with no significant differences. In patients who gained weight (n = 82) or had <10% to no NBDI improvement (n = 44), leptin and leptin/adiponectin ratios increased regardless of nut intake (P < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Adding 30 g/day of mixed nuts to DICA Br did not alter adipokines after 16 weeks in post-MI. Diet quality improved in both groups but remained at about 50% of the ideal score.
METHODS: This subanalysis of the DICA-NUTS trial included 170 patients randomized to two groups: DICA group (DICA Br alone; n = 85) and DICA-NUTS group (DICA Br + 30 g/day of peanuts, cashews, and Brazil nuts; n = 85). Leptin, resistin, progranulin (pg/mL), adiponectin (ng/mL), leptin/adiponectin and resistin/adiponectin ratios were measured at baseline and after 16 weeks. Diet quality was assessed using the New BALANCE Dietary Index (NBDI).
RESULTS: The DICA-NUTS group showed increased leptin levels post-intervention (269.6 pg/mL [95% CI 104.6; 434.6], P < 0.001), but no between-group differences were observed for any adipokines. Both groups improved diet quality (NBDI): +20% [95% CI 4; 38] in DICA-NUTS and +27% [95% CI 10; 45] in DICA, with no significant differences. In patients who gained weight (n = 82) or had <10% to no NBDI improvement (n = 44), leptin and leptin/adiponectin ratios increased regardless of nut intake (P < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Adding 30 g/day of mixed nuts to DICA Br did not alter adipokines after 16 weeks in post-MI. Diet quality improved in both groups but remained at about 50% of the ideal score.