Hepatology communications · 2026
CD8 TRM-like T cells expressing perforin and IFN-γ define a pediatric activated T-cell acute liver failure endotype.
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Diamond Tamir, Chapin Catherine A, Diorio Caroline J, McCuaig Sarah, Lau Michelle, Chu Niansheng, Gibson Nora M, Kreiger Portia A, Horslen Simon, Loomes Kathleen M, Banc-Husu Anna M, Chu Jaime, Jensen M Kyle, Leung Daniel H, Narang Amrita, Carter Beth A, Elisofon Scott, Fischer Ryan, Lobritto Steven J, Leonis Mike, Peters Anna L, Rodriguez-Baez Norberto, Romero Rene, Rosenthal Philip, Rudnick David, Squires James, Sundaram Shikha, Tolliver Kyla M, Valentino Pamela, Durkalski Valerie, Alonso Estella M, Behrens Edward M
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Activated T-cell pediatric acute liver failure (TC-PALF) is the most common cause of non-acetaminophen PALF, with poor transplant-free survival. Livers in TC-PALF are infiltrated by effector cytotoxic T lymphocytes with markers of tissue-resident memory function (CD8 Trm) and an interferon gamma (IFNγ) transcriptional signature. The PALF-Immune Response Network (PALF-IRN) and the prospective TReatment for ImmUne-Mediated PathopHysiology (TRIUMPH) clinical trial (NCT04862221) aim to characterize the TC-PALF immune pathology and utility of T-cell directed therapy to improve transplant-free survival.
METHODS: TRIUMPH patients with TC-PALF were compared with healthy children and disease controls utilizing multiparameter flow cytometry and 3' single-cell RNA sequencing from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. TC-PALF patient serum was compared with healthy children and those with PALF from other causes, utilizing the Olink Inflammation I 384 protein assay.
RESULTS: Two distinct endotypes of TC-PALF were identified, which differed in flow cytometry CD8+ Perforin1 (Prf) expression and liver biopsy staining of Prf. TC-PALF patients with high CD8+ Prf (TC-PALF High Prf) had monocytosis, with a unique circulating CD8 IFNγ+ Trm-like population and IFNγ-responsive CD14/CD16 monocyte ligand-receptor interaction. TC-PALF patients with normal CD8+ Prf expression had hypergammaglobulinemia, an increase in class-switched B-cells, and a decrease in serum inflammatory proteins associated with myeloid activation.
CONCLUSIONS: TC-PALF high Prf patients have a unique circulating CD8+ IFNγ+ Trm-like population accompanied by monocyte proliferation and activation. Further understanding of the role of IFNγ in TC-PALF High Prf may provide a therapeutic target for this endotype to improve transplant-free survival.
METHODS: TRIUMPH patients with TC-PALF were compared with healthy children and disease controls utilizing multiparameter flow cytometry and 3' single-cell RNA sequencing from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. TC-PALF patient serum was compared with healthy children and those with PALF from other causes, utilizing the Olink Inflammation I 384 protein assay.
RESULTS: Two distinct endotypes of TC-PALF were identified, which differed in flow cytometry CD8+ Perforin1 (Prf) expression and liver biopsy staining of Prf. TC-PALF patients with high CD8+ Prf (TC-PALF High Prf) had monocytosis, with a unique circulating CD8 IFNγ+ Trm-like population and IFNγ-responsive CD14/CD16 monocyte ligand-receptor interaction. TC-PALF patients with normal CD8+ Prf expression had hypergammaglobulinemia, an increase in class-switched B-cells, and a decrease in serum inflammatory proteins associated with myeloid activation.
CONCLUSIONS: TC-PALF high Prf patients have a unique circulating CD8+ IFNγ+ Trm-like population accompanied by monocyte proliferation and activation. Further understanding of the role of IFNγ in TC-PALF High Prf may provide a therapeutic target for this endotype to improve transplant-free survival.