Free gingival grafts. Current indications and techniques.

The free gingival graft is a simple, predictable technique for increasing the zone of attached gingiva. Dentists interested in performing minor surgical procedures should include the free gingival graft in their armamentarium. Indications and contraindications have been established, but the decision regarding the adequacy of the attached gingiva remains one of clinical judgment. The clinician must evaluate several variables, including the width of the attached gingiva, the patient's age, recession history, oral hygiene practices, teeth involved, and dental records. In the opinion of the authors, the free gingival graft usually should not be used in areas of inadequate attached gingiva when root coverage is indicated. Other techniques are more predictable and yield a more esthetic result.