Postural alterations as a risk factor for temporomandibular disorders.

The aims of this study were to estimate frequency and assess postural alterations as a risk factor for temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Patients aged 10 to 15years (N=243, mean age 12. 6) seeking comprehensive dental care were analyzed according to RDC/ TMD. For static postural assessment, photographs were taken and analyzed by a physiotherapist following Kendall's model. Patients were divided into: A: without TMD (n=133); B: with muscle disorders (n=61); C: with disk displacement (N=49). No difference in age wasobserved between groups (p=0. 95). Significant association was observed between muscular TMD and alterations in spinal curves, head posture, and lower limbs: OR: 3. 40, 2. 44 and 2. 22 respectively. The most frequent types were hyperlordosis 23. 30 and 32. 78%; forward head posture 39. 85 and 52. 45%; and genu valgum 33. 08 and 45. 90% in A and B respectively. Alterations in head posture, vertebral curves and lower limbs could be considered risk factors for muscular TMD. The most frequent postural alterations were lumbar hyperlordosis, forward head posture and genu valgus.