A 10-Year Follow-Up of Reconstructive Treatment of Peri-Implantitis Using Mineralized Dehydrated Allograft and Resorbable Membrane: A Retrospective Case Series.

OBJECTIVES

To evaluate the 10-year clinical and radiographic outcomes of peri-implantitis intrabony defects treated with mineralized dehydrated bone allograft (MDBA) and resorbable membrane in patients undergoing a regular supportive peri-implant/periodontal therapy (STP).

MATERIALS AND

METHODS

The original study participants were 34 (34 defects). After mechanical debridement and chemical decontamination of implant surfaces, intrabony defects were filled with MDBA and covered by a resorbable membrane. Patients were enrolled in a maintenance program with a recall interval of 6 months. The primary outcome was the absence of additional marginal peri-implant bone loss ≥ 1.0 mm after surgery. The composite outcome was no additional marginal peri-implant bone loss ≥ 1.0 mm and the absence of probing depth (PD) ≥ 5 mm, bleeding on probing and suppuration.

RESULTS

Of the original 34 implants, 20 completed the 10-year follow-up, and three failed. Related to the primary outcome, the mean peri-implant marginal bone level changed from 4.78 mm (SD 1.84) at baseline to 3.10 mm (SD 1.73) after surgery and 3.71 mm (SD 1.78) at the follow-up end point. According to the composite outcome for disease resolution, 19 of the 34 original implants were successfully treated at the 10-year follow-up with a statistically significant difference between 1 (31/34 implants) and 5 years (20/34 implants) (p = 0.003) and 1 and 10 years (p = 0.001) but not between 5 and 10 years (p = 1.000).

CONCLUSIONS

Ten years after the reconstructive treatment, followed by regular SPT, the cumulative successful treatment rate, according to the primary and the composite outcomes, was 58% (20/34 implants) and 53% (19/34) implants, respectively.