Ocular immunology and inflammation · 2020
Ocular Surface Expression of SARS-CoV-2 Receptors.
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Leonardi Andrea, Rosani Umberto, Brun Paola
Аннотация
PURPOSE: The spike proteins of SARS-CoV-2 interact with ACE2 or basigin/CD147 receptors, regulating human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 together with serine protease TMPRSS2. The expression of these receptors on the ocular surface is unknown.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Gene expression of SARS-CoV-2 receptors was investigated in conjunctival epithelial cell samples and in ex-vivo cornea samples using microarray or transcriptome sequencing.
RESULTS: ACE2 is expressed in conjunctival samples at a low level, while BSG and TMPRSS2 are expressed at intermediate levels in both conjunctiva and cornea. Other receptors such as ANPEP, AGTR2 are expressed at low level in the conjunctiva. Two RNA editing enzymes involved in antiviral responses, APOBEC3A, and ADAR-1 were also highly expressed.
CONCLUSIONS: The ocular surface may represent an entry point for the SARS-CoV-2 in the human body. The conjunctiva and the cornea can adopt antiviral countermeasures which may explain the low prevalence of eye involvement.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Gene expression of SARS-CoV-2 receptors was investigated in conjunctival epithelial cell samples and in ex-vivo cornea samples using microarray or transcriptome sequencing.
RESULTS: ACE2 is expressed in conjunctival samples at a low level, while BSG and TMPRSS2 are expressed at intermediate levels in both conjunctiva and cornea. Other receptors such as ANPEP, AGTR2 are expressed at low level in the conjunctiva. Two RNA editing enzymes involved in antiviral responses, APOBEC3A, and ADAR-1 were also highly expressed.
CONCLUSIONS: The ocular surface may represent an entry point for the SARS-CoV-2 in the human body. The conjunctiva and the cornea can adopt antiviral countermeasures which may explain the low prevalence of eye involvement.
Предметные рубрики MeSH
Adenosine DeaminaseAdolescentAdultAgedAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2BasiginBetacoronavirusCOVID-19ChildConjunctivaCorneaCoronavirus InfectionsCytidine DeaminaseGene Expression ProfilingGene Expression RegulationHumansMiddle AgedPandemicsPeptidyl-Dipeptidase APneumonia, ViralProteinsRNA-Binding ProteinsReceptors, VirusSARS-CoV-2Serine EndopeptidasesYoung Adult