BMC genomics · 2015
The epigenetic processes of meiosis in male mice are broadly affected by the widely used herbicide atrazine.
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Gely-Pernot Aurore, Hao Chunxiang, Becker Emmanuelle, Stuparevic Igor, Kervarrec Christine, Chalmel Frédéric, Primig Michael, Jégou Bernard, Smagulova Fatima
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Environmental factors such as pesticides can cause phenotypic changes in various organisms, including mammals. We studied the effects of the widely used herbicide atrazine (ATZ) on meiosis, a key step of gametogenesis, in male mice.
METHODS: Gene expression pattern was analysed by Gene-Chip array. Genome-wide mapping of H3K4me3 marks distribution was done by ChIP-sequencing of testis tissue using Illumina technologies. RT-qPCR was used to validate differentially expressed genes or differential peaks.
RESULTS: We demonstrate that exposure to ATZ reduces testosterone levels and the number of spermatozoa in the epididymis and delays meiosis. Using Gene-Chip and ChIP-Seq analysis of H3K4me3 marks, we found that a broad range of cellular functions, including GTPase activity, mitochondrial function and steroid-hormone metabolism, are affected by ATZ. Furthermore, treated mice display enriched histone H3K4me3 marks in regions of strong recombination (double-strand break sites), within very large genes and reduced marks in the pseudoautosomal region of X chromosome.
CONCLUSIONS: Our data demonstrate that atrazine exposure interferes with normal meiosis, which affects spermatozoa production.
METHODS: Gene expression pattern was analysed by Gene-Chip array. Genome-wide mapping of H3K4me3 marks distribution was done by ChIP-sequencing of testis tissue using Illumina technologies. RT-qPCR was used to validate differentially expressed genes or differential peaks.
RESULTS: We demonstrate that exposure to ATZ reduces testosterone levels and the number of spermatozoa in the epididymis and delays meiosis. Using Gene-Chip and ChIP-Seq analysis of H3K4me3 marks, we found that a broad range of cellular functions, including GTPase activity, mitochondrial function and steroid-hormone metabolism, are affected by ATZ. Furthermore, treated mice display enriched histone H3K4me3 marks in regions of strong recombination (double-strand break sites), within very large genes and reduced marks in the pseudoautosomal region of X chromosome.
CONCLUSIONS: Our data demonstrate that atrazine exposure interferes with normal meiosis, which affects spermatozoa production.
Предметные рубрики MeSH
AnimalsApoptosisAtrazineBinding SitesCell SurvivalChromatin ImmunoprecipitationComputational BiologyDNA Breaks, Double-StrandedEpigenesis, GeneticGTP PhosphohydrolasesGene Expression ProfilingGenome-Wide Association StudyGonadal Steroid HormonesHerbicidesHigh-Throughput Nucleotide SequencingHistonesMaleMeiosisMiceMitochondriaNucleotide MotifsPosition-Specific Scoring MatricesProtein BindingReceptors, Cytoplasmic and NuclearSperm CountTestisTestosterone