Journal of veterinary science · 2026
A comprehensive analysis of the prevalence and influencing factors of felid alphaherpesvirus-1 (FHV-1) in mainland China from 2017 to 2024.
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Paik E Sun, Kim Tae Joong, Lee Yoo Young, Choi Chel Hun, Lee Jeong Won, Kim Byoung Gie, Bae Duk Soo
Аннотация
IMPORTANCE: Felid alphaherpesvirus 1 (FHV-1) is a common cause of feline upper respiratory disease, but prevalence estimates from mainland China are fragmented.
OBJECTIVES: To estimate pooled FHV-1 prevalence and evaluate factors associated with between-study variation in mainland China from 2017 through 2024.
DATA RESOURCES: PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, and the Chinese Journal Service Platform were searched; reference lists were also screened. Add the final search date.
STUDY SELECTION: Cross-sectional studies from mainland China that reported a diagnostic method and sufficient numerator and denominator data were eligible. Two reviewers screened studies independently, with disagreements resolved by discussion or a third reviewer.
DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Thirty studies comprising 17,108 samples were included. Pooled prevalence was estimated with a random-effects model after Freeman-Tukey double-arcsine transformation. Heterogeneity, subgroup differences, publication bias, and leave-one-out sensitivity were assessed.
MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Pooled FHV-1 prevalence with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), heterogeneity, and subgroup estimates by age, sex, breed, season, publication period, and region.
RESULTS: Overall pooled prevalence was 23% (95% CI, 18%-29%; I² = 98.6%; heterogeneity p < 0.001). Prevalence was highest in cats aged 6 months or younger (51%; 95% CI, 26%-75%; subgroup p = 0.046) and in Exotic Shorthair cats (63%; 95% CI, 52%-74%; subgroup p = 0.003). Estimates differed by region (p = 0.021) but not by publication period (p = 0.742).
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: FHV-1 prevalence in mainland China was substantial and highly heterogeneous. Age, breed, and region were associated with variation across studies. Targeted prevention and surveillance may be warranted, but the very high heterogeneity and study-level subgroup analyses limit causal inference.
OBJECTIVES: To estimate pooled FHV-1 prevalence and evaluate factors associated with between-study variation in mainland China from 2017 through 2024.
DATA RESOURCES: PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, and the Chinese Journal Service Platform were searched; reference lists were also screened. Add the final search date.
STUDY SELECTION: Cross-sectional studies from mainland China that reported a diagnostic method and sufficient numerator and denominator data were eligible. Two reviewers screened studies independently, with disagreements resolved by discussion or a third reviewer.
DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Thirty studies comprising 17,108 samples were included. Pooled prevalence was estimated with a random-effects model after Freeman-Tukey double-arcsine transformation. Heterogeneity, subgroup differences, publication bias, and leave-one-out sensitivity were assessed.
MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Pooled FHV-1 prevalence with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), heterogeneity, and subgroup estimates by age, sex, breed, season, publication period, and region.
RESULTS: Overall pooled prevalence was 23% (95% CI, 18%-29%; I² = 98.6%; heterogeneity p < 0.001). Prevalence was highest in cats aged 6 months or younger (51%; 95% CI, 26%-75%; subgroup p = 0.046) and in Exotic Shorthair cats (63%; 95% CI, 52%-74%; subgroup p = 0.003). Estimates differed by region (p = 0.021) but not by publication period (p = 0.742).
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: FHV-1 prevalence in mainland China was substantial and highly heterogeneous. Age, breed, and region were associated with variation across studies. Targeted prevention and surveillance may be warranted, but the very high heterogeneity and study-level subgroup analyses limit causal inference.