Pancreatic 3D Organoids and Microfluidic Systems-Applicability and Utilization in Surgery: A Literature Review.

Background

Pancreatic organoids are a rapidly advancing field of research with new discoveries being made every day. A literature review was performed to answer the question of how relevant 3D pancreatic organoids are for surgery. Materials and

Methods

We started our investigation by identifying articles in PubMed within the last 5 years using the keywords (("pancreatic organoid", OR "organ-on-a-chip", OR "pancreatic chip" OR "3D culture methods") AND pancreatic surgery). Only English articles were included in this literature review. This literature review was performed in a non-systematic way; articles were chosen without a predetermined protocol of inclusion and were based on the aim of the review. Results and

Conclusions

There are many promising innovations in the field of 3D cultures. Drug sensitivity testing in particular holds great potential for surgical application. For locally advanced PDAC, EUS-FNB obtained cancer tissue can be cultured as organoids, and after 4 weeks, neoadjuvant treatment could be adjusted for each patient individually. Utilizing this approach could increase the number of R0 resections and possibly cure the disease. Furthermore, microfluidic devices, as a platform for pancreatic islet pre-transplant evaluation or cultivation of beta cells derived from HiPSC in vitro, promise broad application of islet transplantation to T1DM patients in the near future.