Immunolocalization of tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase in mice.

Immunolocalization of tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) was examined in murine tissues, employing a specific antiserum to TNAP on frozen sections, 50-micron tissue slices, and paraffin sections. TNAP was detected at high levels in hard tissues including bone, cartilage, and tooth. In bone tissue, the TNAP immunoreactivity was localized on the entire cell surface of preosteoblasts, as well as the basolateral cell membrane of osteoblasts. It was also localized on some resting chondrocytes and most of the proliferative and hypertrophic cells in cartilage. In the incisor, cells of the stratum intermedium, the subodontoblastic layer, the proximal portion of secretory ameloblasts, and the basolateral portion of odontoblasts showed particularly strong immunoreactivity. Immunoreactivity was observed in other soft tissues, such as the brush borders of proximal renal tubules in kidney, on cell membrane of the biliary canalicula in liver and in trophoblasts in the placenta. These immunolocalizations were quite similar to enzyme histochemical localizations. However, neither the submandibular gland nor the intestine, which both exhibited alkaline phosphatase activity by enzyme histochemistry, revealed immunoreactivity for TNAP. Therefore, immunocytohistochemical studies for TNAP enabled us to localize the TNAP isozyme, thus distinguishing it from other isozymes.