A single-nucleotide polymorphism of the Fcγ receptor type IIIA gene in the recipient predicts transplant outcomes after HLA fully matched unrelated BMT for myeloid malignancies.

Fcγ receptor type IIIA (FCGR3A) has a functional single-nucleotide polymorphism (rs396991), at which a G-to T-point mutation results in an amino acid substitution at position 158 (valine to phenylalanine; V158F). This study examined the effect of the FCGR3A polymorphism in donors and recipients on the clinical outcomes in unrelated HLA fully matched myeloablative BMT. The FCGR3A-V158F genotype was retrospectively analyzed in a total of 99 recipients with myeloid malignancies, and their unrelated donors. The presence of the 158V genotype in recipients showed a statistically better OS (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 0.49; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.26-0.93; P=0.03) and TRM (HR 0.30; 95% CI 0.14-0.67; P=0.003) without significant influence on the relapse rate. The recipient 158V genotype was also associated with a significantly reduced risk of chronic GVHD (HR 0.45; 95% CI 0.20-0.99; P=0.049) and a trend toward a reduced risk of grade II-IV acute GVHD (HR 0.55; 95% CI 0.27-1.10; P=0.09), leading to a significantly reduced GVHD-related mortality (HR 0.22; 95% CI 0.06-0.77; P=0.02). The donor FCGR3A polymorphism did not have any effect on the transplant outcomes. These results suggest an association between the recipient FCGR3A genotype and the clinical outcomes after BMT.