Bioinspired ultra-fast dissolving core-sheath beaded-structured nanofibrous membranes via one-step emulsion electrospinning for skin moisturization.

Dry electrospun nanofibrous facial masks (D-ENFMs) have emerged as a promising platform in nano/biomaterials research, attributed to their eco-friendly nature and convenient use. However, their practical application is significantly hindered by three critical barriers: low active ingredient loading capacity, slow dissolution kinetics, and undesirable solid residues after use. Inspired by the unique "dry-state preservation and wet-state release" survival strategy of Anastatica hierochuntica, a bioinspired core-sheath beaded-structured nanofibrous membrane (B-NFM) is developed via one-step emulsion electrospinning. This architecture enables long-term stable encapsulation of squalane emulsion droplets in the dry state and triggers ultra-fast dissolution upon contact with moisture, followed by efficient moisturization through the synergistic "water locking-hydration replenishment-barrier repair" mechanism of squalane. The surfactant coconut diethanolamide plays a dual critical role: stabilizing the oil-in-water emulsion for efficient squalane encapsulation, and modulating molecular reorganization to impart superhydrophilicity, enabling instantaneous dissolution and complete residue elimination. Notably, this one-step strategy is successfully scaled to a 256-needle roll-to-roll electrospinning system, achieving a daily output of 155.52 m2. This bioinspired design paradigm will pave the way for a new generation of sustainable, high-performance nanomaterials for advanced skincare applications.