Cutaneous malignant melanoma in children and adolescents in Scotland, 1979-1991.

All cases of cutaneous malignant melanoma in Scotland have been registered by the Scottish Melanoma Group since 1979, and there are currently more than 4700 cases on the registry. Of these, only 50 cases are in patients 18 years of age and younger (1.04 percent of all melanomas); 15 of these were prepubertal, i.e., 14 years or younger (0.3 percent of all melanomas). The nine cases of documented metastases occurred in children with tumor thickness of 1.50 mm or more, with only one of these metastases occurring in a prepubertal child. Eight of these patients with metastatic disease died, with a maximum survival of 4 years. A reliable clinical history was obtained from the families of 23 patients. Eight of them had a history of preexisting congenital nevocellular nevus. In this series, no case arose in a large congenital nevocellular nevus. Histological review showed that the majority of cases (58 percent) exhibited typical cytological and architectural features of malignant melanoma. In the remaining cases, the lesions were difficult to fit into any of the classic patterns of malignant melanoma or of the known benign nevocellular lesions.