Increased glioblastoma risk in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms and myelodysplastic syndromes.

Targeted therapies significantly extend the survival of patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). This prolonged lifespan introduces an unintended clinical hazard. These patients face an elevated risk of developing primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors. The internal relationship between them remains to be explored. We integrated the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) and the Cancer Incidence in Five Continents (CI5) datasets to conduct spatial clustering mapping using Moran's I. Vector autoregression and Granger causality analysis were employed to examine the longitudinal incidence of these diseases in Sweden from 1990 to 2021. Bibliometric profiling was utilized to identify research frontiers, and two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) was used to determine genetic correlation. Geospatial mapping indicated a dually dominant burden of MPN + MDS (MPN and MDS, not MPN/MDS) and CNS tumors in developed regions. Longitudinal data from Sweden exposed a strictly unidirectional predictive trajectory exclusive to females. Myeloid malignancies reliably preceded CNS tumors. Bibliometric analysis demonstrated a remarkable interdecadal convergence on neuroinflammation and the tumor microenvironment. Significantly, MR confirmed that MPN (odds ratio [OR] = 1.84, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.22-2.76) and MDS (OR = 2.54, 95% CI: 1.62-3.96) have definite positive effects on GBM susceptibility. We established the possible comorbidity relationship between MPN + MDS and GBM, and raised the myeloid-neuro-immune crosstalk theory. It lays a reliable foundation on the interactions between MPN + MDS and GBM for future research, and offers insights for building multidisciplinary team collaboration.