Factors associated with sexual risk behaviours and sexually transmissible infection testing among university students by enrolment type in Queensland, Australia: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND

Young people are disproportionately affected by sexually transmissible infections (STIs). University student populations comprise a large proportion of diverse young people with varied experiences and identities. This study aimed to analyse factors associated with increased risk of sexual risk behaviours and testing among domestic Australian-born students (DABS), domestic overseas-born students (DOBS), and international students (IS); and to investigate the use of a sexual risk behaviour score to examine whether sexual behaviours differ between DABS, DOBS, and IS.

METHODS

Results from a cross-sectional survey of 4291, conducted among Australian university-enrolled students aged 18 years and older analysed associations between participant demographics, sexual behaviours, and STI testing. A 15-item sexual risk behaviour score (lowest risk, 0; highest risk, 23) was developed and analysed descriptively. Associations with other participant factors were investigated using linear regression.

RESULTS

Most students (72%) (mean age, 23 years) reported being sexually active, although there were significant differences between enrolment categories (DABS, 74.8%; DOBS, 68.6%; IS, 61.5%. Sexual risk behaviour scores ranged from 1 to 23. IS had lower sexual risk behaviour scores (adjusted coefficient -1.20, P < 0.001). Compared with those aged 18-19 years, individuals aged 20-24 years (aOR = 1.91, P < 0.01) and 25-29 years (aOR = 4.11, P < 0.01) were more likely to report STI testing. Men who reported being attracted to men, those engaging in drug- or alcohol-influenced sex, having five or more sexual partners, and previous HIV testing were all positively associated with STI testing.

CONCLUSIONS

Despite lower sexual risk behaviours, international students were less likely to access STI testing, suggesting a greater understanding of IS health-seeking behaviour and health literacy is needed to inform suitable responses.