The Annals of pharmacotherapy · 2004
Nitazoxanide treatment for giardiasis and cryptosporidiosis in children.
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Bailey Jason M, Erramouspe John
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: To review the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, adverse effects, drug interactions, dosing recommendations, and clinical efficacy of nitazoxanide, a new antiprotozoal/anthelmintic/antibacterial agent.
DATA SOURCES: A MEDLINE search (1966-February 2004) of both human and animal research data published in the English language was conducted.
STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: All primary and review articles pertaining to the MEDLINE search were reviewed for inclusion. Emphasis was placed on randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials.
DATA SYNTHESIS: Nitazoxanide is approved for the treatment of giardiasis and cryptosporidiosis (first drug approved for the latter indication) in immune-competent children <12 years of age. Most studies in immune-competent patients have reported clinical and parasitologic response rates close to 80% and 70%, respectively, for both indications. Response rates have been lower in immune-compromised patients.
CONCLUSIONS: Nitazoxanide should be available for patients unable to tolerate or adhere to first-line therapy employed for these intestinal protozoa.
DATA SOURCES: A MEDLINE search (1966-February 2004) of both human and animal research data published in the English language was conducted.
STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: All primary and review articles pertaining to the MEDLINE search were reviewed for inclusion. Emphasis was placed on randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials.
DATA SYNTHESIS: Nitazoxanide is approved for the treatment of giardiasis and cryptosporidiosis (first drug approved for the latter indication) in immune-competent children <12 years of age. Most studies in immune-competent patients have reported clinical and parasitologic response rates close to 80% and 70%, respectively, for both indications. Response rates have been lower in immune-compromised patients.
CONCLUSIONS: Nitazoxanide should be available for patients unable to tolerate or adhere to first-line therapy employed for these intestinal protozoa.