PloS one · 2026
Environmental noise pollution and its association with temporomandibular joint disorders, malocclusion, and bruxism: A Comparative cross-sectional study of adults in high-traffic and low- traffic areas.
СтатьяСравнительное исследованиеНазвание и аннотация: Перевод пока не подготовлен
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Hasan A Alshehri Abdullah, Ali F Alshadidi Abdulkhaliq, Aldosari Lujain Ibrahim N, Kaleem Sultan Mohammed, Gurumurthy Vishwanath, Vyas Rajesh, Vaddamanu Sunil Kumar
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Chronic environmental noise exposure is a recognized public health concern linked to stress-mediated physiological responses, yet its specific impact on temporomandibular disorders (TMD), bruxism, and malocclusion remains poorly investigated.
OBJECTIVES: To compare the prevalence of TMD, malocclusion, and bruxism between adults residing in high-traffic versus Low- traffic areas in New Delhi, India, and to identify independent predictors of TMD risk.
METHODS: This comparative cross-sectional study enrolled 300 adults (150 per group) from high traffic and low traffic residential areas of New Delhi, India. Individual-level noise exposure (LAeq,24h) was objectively measured. TMD was diagnosed using Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD Axis I criteria). Bruxism, malocclusion, perceived stress scale -1= (PSS-10), and Pittsburgh sleep quality (PSQI) were assessed using validated instruments. Multivariable logistic regression and mediation analysis were performed.
RESULTS: High-traffic residents had significantly higher TMD prevalence (61.3% vs. 25.3%), bruxism (42.7% vs. 14.0%), and malocclusion (52.0% vs. 26.0%; all p < 0.001). A significant dose-response relationship was confirmed (χ² for trend p < 0.001). High noise exposure was the strongest independent predictor of TMD (aOR = 3.10; 95% CI: 2.00-4.80). Bruxism and perceived stress accounted for 41.4% of this association in exploratory mediation analysis, a pattern compatible with mediation, though the cross sectional design precludes establishing temporal precedence.
CONCLUSIONS: Environmental noise exposure was independently and dose-dependently associated with TMD andbruxism. malocclusion was also prevalent in high traffic areas; however, this cross sectional association more likely reflects pre-existing skeletal or occlusal characteristics than a causal effect of noise, and should be interpreted with caution. These findings support noise abatement policies and targeted oral health screening in high traffic urban environments.
OBJECTIVES: To compare the prevalence of TMD, malocclusion, and bruxism between adults residing in high-traffic versus Low- traffic areas in New Delhi, India, and to identify independent predictors of TMD risk.
METHODS: This comparative cross-sectional study enrolled 300 adults (150 per group) from high traffic and low traffic residential areas of New Delhi, India. Individual-level noise exposure (LAeq,24h) was objectively measured. TMD was diagnosed using Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD Axis I criteria). Bruxism, malocclusion, perceived stress scale -1= (PSS-10), and Pittsburgh sleep quality (PSQI) were assessed using validated instruments. Multivariable logistic regression and mediation analysis were performed.
RESULTS: High-traffic residents had significantly higher TMD prevalence (61.3% vs. 25.3%), bruxism (42.7% vs. 14.0%), and malocclusion (52.0% vs. 26.0%; all p < 0.001). A significant dose-response relationship was confirmed (χ² for trend p < 0.001). High noise exposure was the strongest independent predictor of TMD (aOR = 3.10; 95% CI: 2.00-4.80). Bruxism and perceived stress accounted for 41.4% of this association in exploratory mediation analysis, a pattern compatible with mediation, though the cross sectional design precludes establishing temporal precedence.
CONCLUSIONS: Environmental noise exposure was independently and dose-dependently associated with TMD andbruxism. malocclusion was also prevalent in high traffic areas; however, this cross sectional association more likely reflects pre-existing skeletal or occlusal characteristics than a causal effect of noise, and should be interpreted with caution. These findings support noise abatement policies and targeted oral health screening in high traffic urban environments.