The Israel Medical Association journal : IMAJ · 2026
Pediatric Tear Gas Poisoning in Southern Israel: Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes.
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Kaplan Or, Pasternak Eyal, Test Gidon, Kestenbom Inbal, Tavor Oren
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Pepper spray and tear gas are chemical irritants causing ocular, dermal, and respiratory injury. Data specific to pediatric emergency department (PED) presentations remain limited.
OBJECTIVES: To characterize the epidemiology, clinical presentation, and short-term outcomes of chemical irritant exposure in children presenting to a tertiary PED.
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients aged 0-18 years of age presenting to a single tertiary PED between 2016 and 2024 following civilian-grade chemical irritant exposure. Cases were identified using ICD-9 codes and free-text electronic medical records search. Demographic characteristics, clinical findings, treatment, and disposition were analyzed using descriptive statistics.
RESULTS: We included 84 pediatric patients (median age 12.5 years, IQR 6.0-15.6; 69.0% male). Exposures occurred most commonly at home (44.0%) and school (36.9%). Ocular involvement was common. Superficial punctate keratitis was identified in 54.5% of patients who underwent fluorescein examination by ophthalmologist (21.5% of the total cohort). Respiratory and dermal symptoms were mild and self-resolving. No severe complications were documented; 96.4% were discharged home.
CONCLUSIONS: Civilian-grade chemical irritant exposures in children were predominantly self-limited and managed successfully with conservative ED care, supporting decontamination-based protocols while highlighting home and school settings as priorities for prevention.
OBJECTIVES: To characterize the epidemiology, clinical presentation, and short-term outcomes of chemical irritant exposure in children presenting to a tertiary PED.
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients aged 0-18 years of age presenting to a single tertiary PED between 2016 and 2024 following civilian-grade chemical irritant exposure. Cases were identified using ICD-9 codes and free-text electronic medical records search. Demographic characteristics, clinical findings, treatment, and disposition were analyzed using descriptive statistics.
RESULTS: We included 84 pediatric patients (median age 12.5 years, IQR 6.0-15.6; 69.0% male). Exposures occurred most commonly at home (44.0%) and school (36.9%). Ocular involvement was common. Superficial punctate keratitis was identified in 54.5% of patients who underwent fluorescein examination by ophthalmologist (21.5% of the total cohort). Respiratory and dermal symptoms were mild and self-resolving. No severe complications were documented; 96.4% were discharged home.
CONCLUSIONS: Civilian-grade chemical irritant exposures in children were predominantly self-limited and managed successfully with conservative ED care, supporting decontamination-based protocols while highlighting home and school settings as priorities for prevention.