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DOI 10.1126/science.aee6550

Медицинская библиотека · Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2026

Airflows redefine the cost of aerial transport in the wild.

Scacco Martina, Smaers Jeroen B, Werber Yuval, Aghababyan Karen, Arrondo Eneko, Aschenborn Ortwin, Batbayar Nyambayar, Bauer Hans-Günther, Becciu Paolo, Boiko Dmitrijs, Botha Andre J, Blas Julio, Cole Nik C, Cortés-Avizanda Ainara, Cruz Sebastian M, Curk Teja, Davies John, Dechmann Dina K N, Dilley Ben J, Donazar José, Duriez Olivier, Efrat Ron, Elliott Kyle H, Fahr Jakob, Fiedler Wolfgang, Fieberg John, Flack Andrea, Gagliardo Anna, Glazov Peter, Grüebler Martin U, Hatzofe Ohad, Kormann Urs G, Kölzsch Andrea, Kruckenberg Helmut, Lambertucci Sergio A, MacKenzie Monique, Maxhuni Qenan, Mihelič Tomaž, Monti Flavio, Müller Inge, Valdes Lourdes Mugica, Nathan Ran, Nourani Elham, Patterson Allison, Pokrovsky Ivan, Ryan Peter G, Scherler Patrick, Schmidt-Rothmund Daniel, Schweitzer Sara H, Sanchez-Zapata José A, Sapir Nir, Schoombie Stefan, Sforzi Andrea, Sherub Sherub, Strazds Māris, Tate Gareth, Thompson Lindy J, Van Oordt Francis, van Toor Mariëlle, Waldenström Jonas, Weber Natalie, Whelan Shannon, Williams Hannah, Wikelski Martin, Wolfson David, Wolter Kerri, Safi Kamran, Shepard Emily L C

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Аннотация

Fuel economy matters to both animals and machines, as the cost of transport can determine where, when, and how far locomotion is possible. However, established estimates of these values for animal flight come from laboratories and treat the atmosphere as constant, even though free-flying animals routinely extract energy from atmospheric flows. Using high-resolution movement data, we estimate the cost of transport for 50 bird and bat species flying in the wild. Our results revise the classic ranking of locomotion costs, suggesting that flying can be cheaper than swimming though almost as costly as running, depending on interactions between physical environment, morphology, and behavior. Linking transport costs to atmospheric conditions provides a mechanistic basis for predicting how changing windscapes will reshape the energetics, movements, and distributions of flying animals.

Для цитирования: Scacco Martina, Smaers Jeroen B, Werber Yuval, Aghababyan Karen, Arrondo Eneko, Aschenborn Ortwin, Batbayar Nyambayar, Bauer Hans-Günther, Becciu Paolo, Boiko Dmitrijs, Botha Andre J, Blas Julio, Cole Nik C, Cortés-Avizanda Ainara, Cruz Sebastian M, Curk Teja, Davies John, Dechmann Dina K N, Dilley Ben J, Donazar José, Duriez Olivier, Efrat Ron, Elliott Kyle H, Fahr Jakob, Fiedler Wolfgang, Fieberg John, Flack Andrea, Gagliardo Anna, Glazov Peter, Grüebler Martin U, Hatzofe Ohad, Kormann Urs G, Kölzsch Andrea, Kruckenberg Helmut, Lambertucci Sergio A, MacKenzie Monique, Maxhuni Qenan, Mihelič Tomaž, Monti Flavio, Müller Inge, Valdes Lourdes Mugica, Nathan Ran, Nourani Elham, Patterson Allison, Pokrovsky Ivan, Ryan Peter G, Scherler Patrick, Schmidt-Rothmund Daniel, Schweitzer Sara H, Sanchez-Zapata José A, Sapir Nir, Schoombie Stefan, Sforzi Andrea, Sherub Sherub, Strazds Māris, Tate Gareth, Thompson Lindy J, Van Oordt Francis, van Toor Mariëlle, Waldenström Jonas, Weber Natalie, Whelan Shannon, Williams Hannah, Wikelski Martin, Wolfson David, Wolter Kerri, Safi Kamran, Shepard Emily L C. Airflows redefine the cost of aerial transport in the wild.. Science (New York, N.Y.). 2026. DOI: 10.1126/science.aee6550.

Предметные рубрики MeSH

AnimalsFlight, AnimalBirdsChiropteraEnergy MetabolismSwimmingAir MovementsWindAtmosphere
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