Early outcomes after venous thromboembolism in Hispanic and non-Hispanic patients: insights from the Registro Informatizado de Enfermedad TromboEmbólica Registry.

BACKGROUND

Racial and ethnic differences in venous thromboembolism (VTE) incidence have been reported, but Hispanic patients remain underrepresented in VTE cohorts, and their 90-day postdiagnosis outcomes remain incompletely characterized.

OBJECTIVES

To compare 90-day risks of recurrent VTE, major bleeding, and mortality between Hispanic and non-Hispanic patients with acute VTE.

METHODS

Exposure-matched analysis of the Registro Informatizado de Enfermedad TromboEmbólica Investigators registry, a prospective, international cohort of adults with acute VTE. Hispanic patients were matched 1:3 to non-Hispanic patients by age, sex, index VTE phenotype, active cancer, and calendar period. The matched cohort included 1792 Hispanic and 5376 non-Hispanic patients. Exposure was self-identified Hispanic ethnicity. Main outcomes and measures were 90-day recurrent VTE, major bleeding, and all-cause mortality. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs were estimated using hierarchical logistic regression.

RESULTS

The matched cohort had a mean age of 57 ± 18 years, and 59% were women. At 90 days, recurrent VTE occurred in 1.6% of Hispanic patients and 1.2% of non-Hispanic patients (absolute difference, 0.4 percentage points); major bleeding occurred in 2.1% and 1.7%, respectively (absolute difference, 0.4 percentage points); the composite outcome occurred in 3.4% and 2.9%, respectively (absolute difference, 0.5 percentage points); and mortality occurred in 4.1% and 3.9%, respectively (absolute difference, 0.2 percentage points). In fully adjusted models, Hispanic ethnicity was associated with increased odds of recurrent VTE (OR, 1.90; 95% CI, 1.10-3.28), major bleeding (OR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.09-2.75), and the composite outcome (OR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.23-2.54), but not mortality (OR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.68-1.64).

CONCLUSION

In this matched registry analysis, self-identified Hispanic ethnicity was associated with modestly higher adjusted odds of recurrent VTE and major bleeding, but not mortality. Although adjusted relative estimates differed, absolute differences were small. These observational associations should not be interpreted as causal because residual confounding cannot be excluded.