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Войти в исследования International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association · 2026
Clinical and Histopathological Significance of Immunohistochemical β-Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (β-hCG) Expression in Mononuclear Seminoma Cells.
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Kalender Göktuğ, Demirbilek Muhammet, Şahin Kadir Can, Akkuş Emre, Özkara Hamdi, Yılmaz Zeyneb Ali, Önal Bülent, Gürses İclal
Аннотация
OBJECTIVES: To examine the morphological features of cases with immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) in mononuclear seminoma cells (MSC) and to investigate the histopathological and clinical significance of this expression pattern.
METHODS: A total of 76 patients with pure seminoma (without syncytiotrophoblastic giant cells) and at least 1 year of follow-up were included in the study. IHC staining for β-hCG and CD117 (c-KIT) was retrospectively performed. The β-hCG and CD117 expression patterns in MSC were scored as negative (0%), focal (0%-5%), patchy (6%-50%), diffusely positive (> 50%). The patients were grouped into clinical stage (CS) I and CS II-III, and their clinical and histopathological parameters were compared.
RESULTS: The median age of the 76 patients was 34 years (range, 28-42), and the median follow-up duration was 59 months (range, 39-79). 61 patients (80.3%) were classified as CS I and 15 patients (19.7%) as CS II-III. In multivariable analysis, the presence of IHC β-hCG expression was associated with CS (OR = 2.238, 95% CI: 1.092-4.751, p = 0.028). In CS I cases, a patchy/diffuse expression pattern was significantly correlated with rete testis invasion (RTI) (p = 0.001). An inverse relationship was observed between β-hCG expression and CD117 expression in tumor cells (p = 0.002).
CONCLUSIONS: β-hCG expression in MSC is associated with CS and, in CS I patients, the expression pattern is associated with RTI. As MSC may exhibit anaplastic/atypical morphological features, comprehensive tumor sampling and β-hCG immunohistochemical staining may be valuable.
METHODS: A total of 76 patients with pure seminoma (without syncytiotrophoblastic giant cells) and at least 1 year of follow-up were included in the study. IHC staining for β-hCG and CD117 (c-KIT) was retrospectively performed. The β-hCG and CD117 expression patterns in MSC were scored as negative (0%), focal (0%-5%), patchy (6%-50%), diffusely positive (> 50%). The patients were grouped into clinical stage (CS) I and CS II-III, and their clinical and histopathological parameters were compared.
RESULTS: The median age of the 76 patients was 34 years (range, 28-42), and the median follow-up duration was 59 months (range, 39-79). 61 patients (80.3%) were classified as CS I and 15 patients (19.7%) as CS II-III. In multivariable analysis, the presence of IHC β-hCG expression was associated with CS (OR = 2.238, 95% CI: 1.092-4.751, p = 0.028). In CS I cases, a patchy/diffuse expression pattern was significantly correlated with rete testis invasion (RTI) (p = 0.001). An inverse relationship was observed between β-hCG expression and CD117 expression in tumor cells (p = 0.002).
CONCLUSIONS: β-hCG expression in MSC is associated with CS and, in CS I patients, the expression pattern is associated with RTI. As MSC may exhibit anaplastic/atypical morphological features, comprehensive tumor sampling and β-hCG immunohistochemical staining may be valuable.