Experience in patients from the Mexican civilian population who suffer wounds from a firearm projectile in the cranial region.

OBJECTIVES

The objectives of the study are to compare the survival rate of patients who suffer brain trauma injury secondary to gunshot wounds in relation to age, sex, place of origin, Glasgow Coma Scale at admission, pupil diameter, mechanism, Jinnah grade, treatment, and complications.

METHODS

A retrospective, longitudinal, cohort study was conducted in a Mexican referral hospital from March 2019 to June 2024. Data were obtained from medical records.

RESULTS

We studied 44 patients who had head wounds by gunshots where male sex was the most frequent with 90.91% with a mortality of 42.5%, with an average age of 27.2 years; the most common cause was a homicidal mechanism with 86.36% with a mortality of 42.11%. Fifty percent suffered for a severe brain trauma injury with a mortality of 77.7%, symmetric pupils most common presentation with 56.82% with mortality of 8%, and Jinnah grade I with 45.45% and a mortality of 10%. Neurosurgical treatment was required in 43.18%, with a rate of complications of 13.65%.

CONCLUSIONS

Jinnah classification, admission Glasgow, and pupillary diameter represent very important prognostic factors.