How hostile attribution bias affects attachment anxiety/avoidance and relationship satisfaction: a cross-cultural perspective during the COVID pandemic.

This is the first cross-cultural study of the contribution of romantic hostile attribution bias to relationship satisfaction that takes into account the role of attachment orientation. In two studies conducted 1 year apart, data were collected in three countries during COVID (Western culture country-the United Kingdom, Eastern culture country-China, geographically distinct country-New Zealand). Both studies indicated that hostile attribution bias (a) was positively related to attachment anxiety/avoidance cross-culturally, (b) played a mediating role between attachment anxiety/avoidance and relationship satisfaction, (c) with the strength of effects varying by country. The test of alternative models strengthens the robustness of the current model. In Study 2, paranoid thoughts (potential risk factor) and partner responsiveness (potential protective factor) were included in the model as potential moderators but failed to show significant moderating effects. We tested measurement invariance to support valid comparisons of the identified relationships across the three countries. By understanding these relationships, researchers and clinicians can better target long-lasting changes in relational attributions.