Nipple and areola reconstruction.

Nipple-areola reconstruction is an integral part of breast reconstruction. Optimum results are usually obtained when nipple-areola reconstruction is staged after the breast mound has attained its final shape and is well vascularized. The use of intradermal tattoo allows the use of a variety of nonpigmented donor sites. Women report that reconstruction of the nipple-areola enhances their overall satisfaction with breast reconstruction. The knowledgeable and skilled nurse is a valuable member of the professional team during this final phase of breast reconstruction.