[Epidemiologic aspects of tuberculosis in the Suruí Indians, Brazilian Amazon].

Tuberculosis persists as a serious public health problem in Brazil. Prevalence rates are alarming in certain social groups, including indigenous peoples. This article presents an epidemiological analysis of records for the Suruí Indians available at the Tuberculosis Control Program in the Municipality of Cacoal, Rondônia. The study includes a descriptive statistical analysis of cases reported from 1975 to 2002. There is evidence that the Suruí have an increased risk of acquiring and dying from tuberculosis as compared to other indigenous groups in Rondônia as well as non-Indians. The average incidence coefficient for tuberculosis in the Suruí was 2518.9 per 100,000 inhabitants in the period 1991-2002. It was observed that 45% of the cases were diagnosed in children < 15 years old. Over half of the cases (63.3%) were reported in men. Only 43.2% of the cases were confirmed by sputum microscopy. The use of PPD skin tests, histopathological exams or bacteriological culture were not reported throughout the period. Attention is called to the need for prevention and control measures specifically tailored to the reality of indigenous peoples.