[Study on the characteristics of magnetic resonance hydrography of the inner ear in patients with total deafness-type sudden sensorineural hearing loss].

Objective:To analyze the magnetic resonance hydrography results of the inner ear in patients with total deafness-type sudden sensorineural hearing loss , and to explore the incidence and correlation with therapeutic efficacy in patients with internal auditory canal vascular loops. Methods:Audiological and imaging data were collected from 517 patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss who were hospitalized in our hospital. All patients underwent T2WI rapid imaging sequence MRI examination, and the vascular loops of the patients were graded according to the Chavda grading method. The impact of different grades of vascular loops on the clinical characteristics and prognosis of the patients was analyzed. Statistical methods such as chi-square test and non parametric rank sum test to analyze the impact of internal auditory canal vascular loops on the clinical characteristics and hearing prognosis of patients with sudden total deafness. Results:From May 2009 to June 2024, a total of 517 hospitalized patients with sudden deafness were analyzed. It was found that: ①110 patients had abnormal hydrography in the internal auditory canal, including 32 patients with mastoiditis, 30 patients with sinus, ethmoid sinus, and maxillary sinus abnormalities, 15 patients with semicircular canal abnormalities, 7 patients with high jugular bulb, and 18 patients with fine or poorly displayed internal auditory canal nerves; ②276 patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss accompanied by vascular loops, including 156 ears on the affected side and 158 ears on the healthy side with Chavda classification of grade Ⅰ; 104 ears on the affected side and 83 ears on the healthy side with type Ⅱvascular loops; There were 16 ears on the affected side of type Ⅲ and 14 ears on the healthy side. There was no significant difference in the distribution of vascular loops between the patient and the affected side（P>0.05）; ③The frequency of vascular loops in female patients is higher than that in males（P<0.05）, but no significant differences were found in the degree of hearing loss and hearing outcomes at different frequencies among patients with different grades of vascular loops（P>0.05）. ④The incidence of tinnitus in patients with vascular loop grades Ⅰ-Ⅲ was 92.9%, 83.7%, and 100.0%, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in the incidence of tinnitus among patients with different grades of vascular loops（P<0.05）. Conclusion:For patients with sudden total deafness, more attention should be paid to their inner ear magnetic resonance imaging results. The vascular loop of the internal auditory canal is a possible cause of tinnitus in some patients with sudden total deafness.