Clinical characteristics and outcomes among patients with subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma.

BACKGROUND

Subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma (SPTCL) is a rare and highly heterogeneous cytotoxic T-cell lymphoma with unknown epidemiology, clinical features, and prognosis.

METHODS

We retrospectively analyzed data on patients with SPTCL from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (2000-2021). Joinpoint plots of incidence were created. Independent prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) and lymphoma-specific survival (LSS) were analyzed using univariate Cox regression analysis. Kaplan - Meier analyses were performed to assess survival.

RESULTS

Among 258 included patients, we observed an increase in the overall incidence of SPTCL, particularly among individuals aged ≥ 50. The age at SPTCL onset exhibited a unimodal distribution, with peak incidence in the 60-69-year age group. Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that diagnoses made between 2000 and 2006, as well as age ≥ 50, were associated with reduced OS and LSS. We describe a case of primary maxillofacial SPTCL in a pediatric patient at our center.

CONCLUSIONS

SPTCL has unique clinical and pathological characteristics and tends to occur in younger patients. Early identification and active treatment are beneficial for improving prognosis and survival.