Ten-Year Outcome of a Patient With Concurrent Pelvic Myeloid Sarcoma and Underlying Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia in Chronic Phase: A Case Report and Literature Review.

BACKGROUND

Myeloid sarcoma is a rare solid tumour of immature myeloid precursors occurring in an extramedullary site. It often presents significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges to clinical haematologists.

CASE: We describe a previously healthy patient who presented simultaneously with hyperleucocytic chronic myeloid leukaemia in chronic phase (CML-CP) and a pelvic myeloid sarcoma (MS). She failed to respond to conventional intensive chemotherapy meant for acute myeloid leukaemia but responded well to a combination of radiotherapy and tyrosine kinase inhibitor. She has remained well and in deep molecular response for the past 10 years.

CONCLUSION

We report the first case of MS in CML-CP that has achieved 10 years of long-term remission with a combination of radiotherapy and tyrosine kinase inhibitor, without allogeneic stem cell transplantation. We also reviewed the literature on CML-CP with simultaneous MS to determine the disease characteristics and treatment outcomes.