[Prevalence of psychosomatic disorders in dermatologic patients. Experiences in 2 dermatology clinics with a liaison therapy model].

INTRODUCTION

The prevalences and differences of biopsychosocial disorders were investigated in the dermatologic clinics of Erfurt and Giessen, where a liaison-therapy model has been established. Different dermatological diseases were compared by a variety of psychological tests, and patients with the same diagnosis were compared between the two clinics.

PATIENTS AND

METHODS

We examined 406 patients for psychosomatic problems with diagnostic interviews and psychometric tests. The coping of skin disease questionnaire (CSD) and the Symptom Checklist (SCL-90R) served as diagnostic measures. Between 1995-2000, 71 patients were seen in Erfurt and 335 in Giessen. The distribution of skin diseases and the psychosomatic disorders are shown by ICD-10 diagnoses.

RESULTS

The comparison of an East and a West German city showed no significant differences in the whole group or the parallel groups using the CSD and SCL-90R. There was only a tendency to a greater reduction of quality of life in Erfurt. Patients with glossodynia evaluated themselves in all psychometric tests as very "normal". By contrast, patients suffering from alopecia and acne felt very helpless and seemed to have a need of greater psychosocial care.

CONCLUSIONS

The biopsychosocial characteristics of the patients treated in the dermato-psychosomatic units in Erfurt and Giessen show no significant differences. Patients with diseases such as alopecia and acne are underestimated in regard to the need for additional psychosocial care. The liaison therapy model is an effective approach to diagnose psychosomatic-dermatological disorders and decide if further psychosomatic treatment is indicated.