[Tuberculosis and immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. Pediatric case].

Tuberculosis is a very frequent disease in our environment. Although early detection and adequate treatment achieve cure in most patients, the difficulty in diagnosis, the abandonment of treatment and the appearance of resistance to traditional drugs generate that at present it continues to represent an important public health problem. In Argentina, the morbidity rate is 25/100,000 inhabitants, with a slight increase in mortality. We present the case of a pediatric patient with tuberculosis and multiple complications associated with the disease and its treatment. One of these complications was the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome or paradoxical reaction to antituberculosis treatment. It represents an adverse clinical consequence of the restoration of immunity in the patient suffering from a serious systemic infection such as miliary tuberculosis.